DIY casting network, drawings how to make and make

Fishing with delirium (from the word “wander”) is an ancient, but still the most popular and popular Russian way to get some fish. Village children always stole window tulle or gauze from the house. In the warm summer river, the children started their first delirium in their lives, and then warmed themselves by the fire, fried the little ones on twigs and seemed like adults.

The wading method of fishing, when the drag is pulled along a river or lake with the help of two or more manpower, distinguishes the drag from its older brother - the seine. According to the official classification, a seine is a large drag, over 100 meters long. Carrying such a long piece of equipment is incredibly hard work. A large number of people will be required. Therefore, the usual length of the nonsense does not exceed 50 meters.

A seine, unlike a dragnet, is a casting fishing tool; it sweeps fish using a swimming device (boat, cutter, seiner), so the efforts of people are spent only on pulling it out. In commercial sea and river fishing with a seine, the process of pulling it ashore or onto a ship is mechanized.

Breden is a straining fishing tool that has a small mesh and a thicker nylon thread compared to gill nets. Like any planted and ready-to-install network, an equipped drag also consists of a number of elements:

The network fabric is made from knotless or knotted nylon of increased thickness. Usually made of three parts: the right and left flat wings, as well as a special cone-purse (motni, kutka), embedded between the wings. Less common are constructions of nonsense without fluff. Like a net, the fabric of nonsense also has its own fit on the upper and lower selections. The landing is carried out with K = 0.33 (this fabric is stretched more tightly than this mesh fabric), in a rigid way.
The upper cord or string of the net is made, in contrast to the cord of the net, from a thicker and stronger cord. This is due to the heavy loads when fishing with drag. Basically, the top pick-up is mounted with large lifting floats.
The bottom line is also a thick, durable nylon cord equipped with heavy weights. The non-water fabric is firmly attached to this cord using a strong nylon thread.
The moth is made from the same seine material as the wings, but for catching some types of fish, the moth has a reduced cell size. The entrance to the motnya is a rectangular hole. In some cases, a round hole is made and thread is sewn into it.
In rare cases, the drag line is pulled directly by the rebounds - this greatly reduces the catchability of the short drag line. The ends of the selection are tied to special smooth sticks, with shallow ring cutouts along the edges for the cord - nags, the height of which is not made more than 2 meters. The lower string is tightly tied at the bottom of the nag, and the upper string is tied closer to the top.

Like any network, nonsense has its own varieties. The usual delirium has wings of equal length and is called “equal-winged”. For better fish coverage, one wing is often lengthened. This allows you to bypass deep places along the shallows. There are other modifications of nonsense.

For catching northern whitefish - vendace and tugun - 50-meter long lines that do not have a hook are allowed. Such nonsense is less catchy than with motney, but it is much easier to pull it.

What does a seine look like?

Breden is a net with a length of 2 to 70 meters and a width of 2 to 3 meters. The classic drag consists of a left and right wing, and in the middle it has a special “pocket” - a drag. For ease of use, long sticks are attached to the edges of the nets. They help to drag the net along the reservoir and keep the seine in a vertical position.

Motnya is a bag sewn from a net to collect caught fish. The size of this “pocket” depends on the length of the gear. Often it makes up at least a third of the entire network. But the smaller the wingspan, the greater the flutter can be, and vice versa.

Experienced fishermen prefer to use gear specially adapted for them on familiar bodies of water. They are prepared taking into account the characteristics of the bottom topography and the fish that the fisherman is going for.

How to catch drag fish

There is a golden folk rule for catching fish with drag – don’t chase the length. The length of the drag depends entirely on the size of the river.

With an average river width of 10 meters, even a 25-meter long drift will not bring either fish or the joy of fishing. It will catch all the stones, snags and bushes.

It is very difficult to work with, and even more difficult to produce a disproportionately long nonsense. For such a river, a 5-8 meter long bridge is enough.

Hooks are the main problem with drag fishing. Car tires and headboards, motorcycle parts and coils of barbed wire - all this falls into the delirium immediately and for a long time.

Such objects often tear even the strongest nonsense. It is advisable to remove all hooks from the water and remove them as far as possible.

When fishing in shallow places, one more person is desirable - this is the 3rd “number” - the unhooking one, who goes behind the drag. Usually the drag is pulled downstream; the drag should always lag behind the wings.

For ease of fishing, the float is usually marked above the center of the fish or 2 floats are placed side by side. In a number of cases, a drag is drawn around the open part of a river bay and pulled up towards its toe.

When fishing in ponds, lakes and reservoirs, aquatic vegetation interferes with prey fishing. The lead weights often lift off the bottom and travel through dense water grass.

All the fish run away under them. The place for fishing with nonsense, where algae has been cleared, where snags and other hooks have been removed, is called a toney.

The costs of its creation will always pay off with interest. For successful fishing with a large 100-meter long drift, it is advisable to have at least 4-5 people.

A dragnet is a long net, and it is better to use it in places that are known to fishermen. To clear the nets of catch or debris that accumulates during fishing, a wide deserted coast is needed.

Fishing with drag nets is good during the feast, in warm weather in shallow water, but for this it is necessary to equip the seine with a sinker (often a chain is used for this), placed in the middle under the net and floats (you can also use ordinary polystyrene foam).

It is better for fishermen to start moving against the current, alternating between shallow water and depressions. Experienced fishermen, knowing the topography of their favorite fishing spots, try not to use several pools. They are not cleared of snags, algae and debris. In these places, the fish “rest”, the young grow, and spend the winter.

This way you can maintain the same number of fish and be sure that they will not move further down the river.

In addition, they catch fish not only in rivers, but also on industrial vessels. The gear on fishing trawlers is similar to a net or hammock. Thus, fishermen catch not only large fish, but also fry. Afterwards it is sorted and processed.

The general principle of this type of fishing is simple. Two fishermen pull a drag along accessible places. Then they either turn towards the shore or gradually converge. All this time, beaters walk next to them and on their sides at a short distance. When the barge haulers converge, the beaters close the circle, slap the water, and drive the fish into the trap.

Then the bottom of the network gradually rises. Here you need to keep an eye on the top cord. It should not be close to water. Fish driven into a tight circle can jump out over the top. When choosing a net, lift the neck of the fish and select the fish. If you do not violate simple rules, the size of your catch will please you.

Choosing a fishing spot

When fishing on small rivers, the choice of length depends on the width of the river. Good places are river pools and shallow water with riffles. If there are few fishing spots on a small river and the path to them is at a great distance, artificial creeks and pits can be installed on the river. Select a place with a flat bottom surface. A small dam is made that does not block the river, but greatly narrows the passage of water.

It is made from any available materials. The water level is rising. In this place, fish remain after spawning, as well as “local” fish. You just need to catch fish in a businesslike manner, without barbarism, while simultaneously creating comfortable conditions for growth and development. Trees can be dropped here and bait can be added. And then this place will bring a stable catch.

On large and medium-sized rivers, the length of the drag increases. Good places here are bays, channels among reeds and sedges. Weak currents in floodplain areas attract fish. The fishing technology here is different. A short haul will bring only small change in the catch. To catch large fish, you should use longer gear.

On large lakes and rivers, fishing with this method directly depends on the length of the drag. It is better to fish in shallow places, but only before spawning and at other times when fish gather in schools.

Ponds, if they are small and have a clean bottom, can be fished without going into the water. Here you should look for places with streams flowing here, holes and edges between them.

Fishing methods

Before starting fishing, you should determine the tactics of dragging in a given place and the place of access to the shore.

Fishing net

Despite the fact that fishing nets are widely considered a poaching fishing tool, interest in them is still high. This is understandable: the volume of catch obtained using nets is always significant, and amateur gear, as a rule, cannot compete with them. But you also need to use networks skillfully; they also have their secrets.

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These fishing gears can be divided into three main types:

Gills or gills (the simplest)
Ryazhevye (rezhevye), consisting of 2-3 cloths.
Combined.

In addition, nets are divided into fixed and floating, that is, those that are placed in one place and those that are set adrift or towed by a motor boat or cutter.

Gill nets are also called single-walled because they consist of one sheet. The size of the fish caught in them depends on the size of the mesh, so they make it possible to catch fish of a strictly defined size, while cutting off small things.

A ryazh usually consists of three panels, hence another name for it - three-wall. Between two canvases with a large mesh there is a third one, which has a smaller mesh size and a larger width. When a fish gets into such a net, it pulls the middle web through the large meshes behind itself, thereby forming a kind of bag in which it is securely fixed.

Three-walled nets cannot cut off small things, so it is possible that too many small trash fish are caught in a row net.

All these varieties are mainly fixed. Floating nets include the well-known seine, dragnet, trawl and others.

Combined tackle can combine the properties of different types of nets.

A fishing net can be made from either fishing line or various cords: nylon, nylon, silk and others. Most often, nylon thread is used as a material for the mesh.

A fishing line net is not very durable, although high-quality products are made from twisted fishing line, which greatly increases strength. Nylon tackle, like nylon, is probably the most durable, if, of course, you handle it with care.

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Nets are also made from cotton cord, but it quickly becomes unusable, especially if you do not dry the gear after fishing.

Nowadays you can find many different nets on the market, made from different materials by different manufacturers. Fishing nets made in China, the so-called Chinese, are very popular today. Their quality leaves much to be desired, but their cheapness makes the “Chinese” the most common gear.

“Finks,” that is, fishing gear made in Finland or using Finnish technology, are much superior in quality to Chinese ones, but, accordingly, are more expensive.

Also, some craftsmen knit nets with their own hands. This process is quite complicated, but with appropriate preparation it allows you to make tackle of any complexity.

Setting up networks

In order to set nets from a boat, a certain skill and at least minimal experience are required. It's easiest to do this together, but it's quite possible to do it alone. But you can use the net without having a boat.

Repair of nonsense

Any fishing takes its toll on nonsense. Sometimes it can be big. There is no need to be afraid of this. Repairing nonsense is not as difficult as correct repairing a network with plucking and untying the cells. You need to have in stock a couple of shuttles - needles, the size of a nonsense cell and a skein of nylon thread, usually 0.5-0.8 mm in diameter. The holes in the brad are simply sewn together with a thick thread, which is positioned vertically.

In modern pond fish farming, when it is impossible to completely drain water from reservoirs, drags and seines of various types play a huge role in the removal of marketable fish, as well as in cleaning the pond from weed fish (ichthyological reclamation) and unwanted aquatic vegetation.

Breeding is practically the only effective means of saving thousands of fry that find themselves in closed puddles on floodplains after the water in the rivers recedes.

There are four types of nonsense:

Classic nonsense. It consists of two wings of equal length and a flap. Fishing with this type of fishing gear is carried out in shallow reservoirs, rivers and lakes. Two people pull the nets along the chosen place, and the third collects the catch accumulated in the reel.
No frills. This is a regular network, no more than 4 meters long. It is excellent for fishing at a depth of no more than 50 centimeters. The method is effective in the autumn-spring period, when the fish warms itself in water warmed by the sun's rays.
"Chicken". This is a moth without wings. Ropes are attached to the edges of the net (nags). They help keep the entire system afloat. Fishermen, passing with a seine along the entire reservoir, do not pull out the catch, but, lifting the net, take out the fish caught in it.
The wings of the net are of different lengths. This kind of drag is suitable for fishing in places where it is impossible to pull a seine along both banks of the reservoir. A semicircle is created from nets, fencing off the section of the river where fishing will take place.

Fishing with stationary traps

Traps that were open at the top and constantly stood in one place - such that it was impossible to move them to another place without disassembling them - have been used for fishing since ancient times, and very often for catching crucian carp.

Artificial stationary traps are usually installed in shallow water, where fish move, and are labyrinths of sticks, stakes and similar materials driven into the bottom - it is easy for fish to enter them, but difficult to get out.

Similar constructions, called Kottsy, were once in great use; it is not for nothing that in the Novgorod region there is a settlement that has long been called Rechnye Kottsy. Here is the story of one old fisherman, recorded in 1998, about how they caught crucian carp with cats during his childhood in the villages of the Kurgan region: Local residents caught fish in Lake Mogilnoye, mostly crucian carp.

They caught with seines, nets and cats. The peasants had boats called baht.

This is a wooden boat, but longer, hollowed out of thick pine. The bat glides well through the water, but is difficult to turn.

Residents of each edge of the village placed nets and cats only opposite their edges. Kotets consists of two barrels and a wing.

I saw how my grandfather made kottsy. We went with him to the forest.

Grandfather chose wide-grain pine without knots. Condo pine has thin layers.

They cut down a pine tree. They sawed it to the depth of the barrels, their length could be up to two meters.

Grandfather split the logs into plates and then pinched them with a specially forged knife. The width of the chips is 3-4 centimeters.

One edge of the wood chips became sharp. This chip was called a potion.

When the potion was ready, grandfather went into the forest, found the roots of pine trees there and tore them off. The roots were as thick as a finger.

I brought the roots home and tore them in half. They are strong, white, clean.

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The barrel must be woven as soon as the roots are torn. The barrel is two meters long.

The potion was woven into three pairs of threads. At the ends of the barrel, loops were made from threads into which stakes were inserted on the lake.

The cat was placed on the lake immediately after production. When installing the cat, the boat was tied to two stakes.

They will put both barrels and a wing in front of him. Then grandfather cleaned the bottom with a fish tank.

The fish entered the barrels, but could not pass through the gaps between the potion. My grandfather had 15-20 cats.

They stood on both Mogilnoye and Okunevskoye lakes. The cats could be checked daily.

But sometimes it rains or the wind, or the grandfather locks him up - he doesn’t go for a long time, then he brings a bucket or two of crucian carp, and sometimes there are also minnows. I loved catching fish with a net from a cage.

A fish tank is a place fenced with a barrel on a lake, near the shore, into which my grandfather put the fish caught on the lake if there was no time to process it at home. In the autumn, when the ice froze, the village boys rode on the lake and often broke the potion protruding above the ice.

As can be seen from the above passage, in Russia in the 40-50s of the twentieth century, fishing with cats remained in use in rural areas, but then gradually faded away. Although it cannot be ruled out that somewhere in remote remote villages, even in the European part of the country, this method is still practiced.

In the sparsely populated northern and Siberian regions the picture is somewhat different: rural residents continue to actively fish with cats to this day. For example, in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, local residents use the traps shown in Fig.

17. The difference from the old Russian cats is that the central chamber is not a spiral-shaped, tapering labyrinth, but a trap with a conical entrance, like the neck of the top.

Kotts are installed on the coastal areas of flood lakes; the material is thin pegs driven into the bottom with a gap of 1-1.5 cm. Fishing is also carried out in winter (the ice that freezes in the central chamber of the kott is regularly removed).

In addition to crucian carp, the catches often include pike, usually medium-sized ones.

For some reason, winter fishing with tops and other traps is almost never practiced (with the exception of katiskis and ice traps, described in detail below), although due to the first ice, crucian carp should enter them in those places where they do not hibernate.

At least when fishing for lake fish in winter with a catfish - no different in principle from the top - crucian carp are not a rarity among the catch. Only at the end of the season, when the oxygen regime in stagnant reservoirs deteriorates, crucian carp quite actively fall into vertically installed peaks, i.e. tied with the neck up to a pole driven into the bottom of the reservoir.

In this case, baits are not used; the bait is fresh air entering the water from the ice hole.

Construction of nonsense.

The drag consists of two wings, two drives and a flywheel. All parts of the nonsense are cut out from mesh fabric, while the mesh fabric is placed with longitudinal edges along the length of the nonsense.

Each part is cut out separately, taking into account the landing coefficients. For this fishing gear, the following landing coefficients are most often used: for horizontal landing in the wings and drive 0.67, in the reel 0.5, for vertical landing for all parts the landing coefficient is 0.87.

The parts to be cut out are rectangular in shape and are obtained by cutting in a straight line. All separately cut parts are connected to each other with a seam “in the scar”.

In this case, 4 cells are inserted into the seam on each side. It is also necessary to ensure that the seam does not receive more tension than the del mesh, as this leads to the formation of “pockets” in the wing, which is undesirable.

How to plant a delirium correctly

Design and production of nonsense

The design of the drag line is visible from Figure 5 (many fishermen involved in drag fishing have no idea how the components of the gear are correctly named). The net is used with a fairly small mesh, usually 25-30 mm on the wings, 20-25 mm in the reel.

The floats on the top line are larger and are tied more often than on the fixed net; The lower selection is also made much heavier.

Net fishing is considered not so popular among real fishermen. This type of quiet hunting can be called poaching rather than a pleasant pastime.

Fishing with tops

Versha is a fishing trap tool that is very reminiscent of a mereza.
The main difference: a second entrance (throat) is possible on the other side of the tackle, there are no wings, and the frame does not consist of individual hoops, but of rigidly fastened longitudinal ribs. Thus, the tackle does not need to be stretched in the water on stakes driven into the bottom, but can be cast directly from the shore, which, of course, increases the convenience of fishing. The second advantage is that the depth at the selected location does not play a significant role, while meres and vents are applicable only at limited depths.

Design and manufacturing

All tops can be divided according to their design into non-removable, usually used for fishing near the house, and collapsible, more convenient for transportation to a reservoir. In Fig.

12 shows a classic non-separable top: conical and double-hooped. It must be said that the cylindrical top is no less catchy, and the end that comes to naught (the conical one) is made for completely different reasons.

Here are some of them: they cast tops from the shore in two ways - with a tied rope and without it (in the second case, the tackle is taken out using a grapple anchor). Naturally, the second method gives a much better chance of finding the tackle in a day where it was left.

But a misfire is possible: there will be no fish in the gear. This happens if the top, sinking to the bottom, turns its throat down and lies in this position.

If the throat of the cylindrical top is directed upward, the catch will also be greatly reduced. Therefore (when casting with a rope), they wait until the tackle sinks to the bottom, then sharply pull the rope, which is always tied to the front hoop, so that the merega is guaranteed to take a horizontal position.

And when they put it “on a cat,” a lead weight is attached to the narrow end of the conical tackle, which turns the top vertically in the process of lowering it to the bottom - however, it cannot stand on the narrow tail and lies on its side.

Fig. 12. Conical non-separable top.

Sometimes it is necessary for the top to fit as tightly as possible, without gaps, to the bottom. In these cases, it is more convenient to use tops of a semi-cylindrical or triangular section.

In Fig. 13 shows such gear - non-demountable, with wooden frames.

To install them, you have to tie lead weights to the bottom of the frame, achieving negative buoyancy of the gear. It is not recommended to load stones picked up directly at the fishing site inside (as is often done with rigid non-net traps) - they tear the net, and when casting from the shore, the top is knocked to one end and it does not stand up correctly in the water.

Sometimes, on semi-cylindrical tops, sinkers are not tied, but the ends of the arcs are left protruding outward by 15-20 cm - so that they can be stuck into the bottom. Naturally, it is no longer possible to throw such gear from the shore, so they are put out from boats or waded.

Rice. 13.

Triangular and semi-cylindrical tops on wooden frames. Finally, sometimes they make tops on a frame that is square or rectangular in cross-section.

The sizes of the tops are different: the smallest gear has a volume of 5-7 liters, for catching small things with live bait, the largest ones are limited only by the possibility of casting from the shore, the size of the boat on which the gear is delivered to the fishing site, etc. The larger the top and the wider its entrance hole, the larger fish you can count on in the catch.

If in a reservoir, in addition to crucian carp, there are crayfish that very willingly enter the top, then the most optimal mesh is 25-30 mm, then small crawfish pass through it freely, and small crucian carp swim out of the top, and the test specimens get stuck.

Non-removable tops, due to their dimensions, are applicable only on bodies of water close to the house. Therefore, fishermen who are committed to fishing with tops have long been trying to make their favorite gear more compact.

Folding tops

In Fig. 14 and 15 show single-entry and double-entry tops with removable spacer ribs.

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Their design has been known for a long time and seems very inconvenient to me. The fact is that in such a top the spacers work for compression, and the network works for tension, and tension and compression must mutually balance each other.

But the trouble is that the threads from which the network is woven become stretched and lengthened over time. Not much, but this is quite enough - the spacers can fly out of their places already during casting.

And when pulling out the tackle, if it catches on a snag or other underwater obstacle, they fly out in any case, even from a new, unstretched tackle. They fly out and remain at the bottom of the reservoir.

But we had to use such gear for lack of anything better.

Rice. 14. Single-neck cylindrical top with spacer ribs.

Rice. 15. Double-neck cylindrical top with spacer ribs.

However, not so long ago there was a real revolution in amateur fishing with tops: gear with a spring frame appeared. There are no transverse ribs here; the entire frame consists of several turns of a huge spring, tending to straighten out even more, but is held in place by a stretched mesh.

The tackle is brought from the transport position to the working position almost instantly: just remove the hook-latches, and the tackle itself extends to its full length. Spring tops of all sizes (often sold under the trade name "cage trap") can now be found in fishing equipment stores.

Often these sold tackles are equipped with additional improvements: for example, a zipper on the side, allowing you to quickly pour out the catch, or a sewn-in net bag for bait, also fastened with a zipper.

Rice. 16. Double-necked top with a spring frame.

Fishing tactics

What is delirium?

Breden is one of the types of seine, which has a more specific modification and is used both in private fishing and on an industrial scale.

The history of this fishing tackle goes back to ancient times. Then the few tribes of people living on the banks of rivers and lakes tried to catch fish with their hands and spears. Few achieved success in fishing: only the strongest and most dexterous members of the family.

The first nets began to be woven from long vines, vines or dried animal veins. Usually two to three people fished, walking along the shore of the reservoir and dragging along. The meaning of the word comes directly from the process: wading through shallow water with tackle in hand.

What does a seine look like?

Types of nonsense

There are four types of nonsense:

Classic nonsense. It consists of two wings of equal length and a flap. Fishing with this type of fishing gear is carried out in shallow reservoirs, rivers and lakes. Two people pull the nets along the chosen place, and the third collects the catch accumulated in the reel.
No frills. This is a regular network, no more than 4 meters long. It is excellent for fishing at a depth of no more than 50 centimeters. The method is effective in the autumn-spring period, when the fish warms itself in water warmed by the sun's rays.
"Chicken". This is a moth without wings. Ropes are attached to the edges of the net (nags). They help keep the entire system afloat. Fishermen, passing with a seine along the entire reservoir, do not pull out the catch, but, lifting the net, take out the fish caught in it.
The wings of the net are of different lengths. This kind of drag is suitable for fishing in places where it is impossible to pull a seine along both banks of the reservoir. A semicircle is created from nets, fencing off the section of the river where fishing will take place.

How to catch with nonsense?

A dragnet is a long net, and it is better to use it in places that are known to fishermen. To clear the nets of catch or debris that accumulates during fishing, a wide deserted coast is needed.

This way you can maintain the same number of fish and be sure that they will not move further down the river.

In addition, they catch fish not only in rivers, but also on industrial vessels. The gear on fishing trawlers is similar to a net or hammock. Thus, fishermen catch not only the fry. Afterwards it is sorted and processed.

How to make a delirium with your own hands

The cost of gear today is such that to be fully equipped, a fisherman needs to shell out a lot of money. But there is always a way out! You can make all the equipment yourself.

Breden is a network that is woven from threads, fishing line or nylon. The weaving technique is very simple, and anyone can master it, since information about it is easy to find. The main task for the master is to determine what kind of tackle he needs to get.

The “chicken” has the shape of a cone, the drag with wings has a shape with a net in the middle. The cells of such gear on the reel will be no more than 2-2.5 centimeters, and along the entire length of the wings no more than 2.5-3 centimeters.

Weaving a network takes from one day to several weeks. In addition, the weaving technique used by the master plays a big role.

If the net is too light, a tin sinker or ordinary chain links are attached to its lower edge. And in order for the net to stay on the surface, they use floats bought in a store or cut from a piece of polystyrene foam.

It’s easy to make a nonsense with your own hands, the main thing is patience and the desire to achieve your goal.

According to the law, fishing with nets is considered illegal. during which all the fish, both large and small ones, are caught. Firstly, this harms the number of fish schools, and secondly, the size of the caught fry is much smaller than what is allowed by law.

Breden is a practical tackle for fishing in rivers, lakes, and ponds. It is mainly used in the warm season: in the spring after high water on floodplains in floodplains, in spring and autumn in small stagnant lakes overgrown with algae in the summer, and in early summer in shallow ponds 1-3 m deep.

In winter, it is used only during the thaw period. Gear of one design or another is suitable for different bodies of water. Therefore, for good fishing you need to know how to choose the right fishing rod and how to catch fish with it.

In most countries, catching fish with fish is allowed only for the purpose of industrial fishing by owners of ponds and farms that officially breed it for sale.

A fishing drag (another name is a drag) is a net from 5 to 30 m long, 1.5-2 m wide, which 2-3 people put into a reservoir and wade, moving through the shallow water and reaching the lower part of the bottom with a device. The name of the gear came from this process.

Design Features

The main details of the nonsense are as follows:

2 fish catching wings;
motnya (net pocket) for catch - located in the center;
2 selections (upper and lower), on which the net fabric is planted;
sinkers or weight cord attached to the bottom;
floats - located in the upper part to keep the gear afloat.

The winding can have the shape of a bag, trapezoid, wedge, rectangle, etc. For high-walled gear, part of the opening on the winding from below and above is covered with a dense mesh plate (shirt).

The floats are placed along the entire edge of the drag at a distance of 50–70 cm from each other, and more often than not, 30–50 cm above the pocket, with the largest one being in the center so that the position of the pocket can be seen during fishing.

On the wings, the sinkers are placed every 90-100 cm, above the entrance to the windrow - after 30-50. The total weight of the load should be 2.5 times the total weight of the floats, then the tackle will not float completely to the surface and will not sink.

At the ends of the wings, above and below, there are rings or ropes for attaching wooden or metal rods (nags), with the help of which the drag is held in an upright position, brought in or pulled ashore. It is important that these poles are comfortable to hold with your hands.

The lower selection of tackle is 10% shorter than the upper one. This design allows you to lift and pull out the drag without losing the fish. Along the edges of the net there are wooden cuttings, or rods, with a rounded cross-section and a diameter convenient for gripping by hand.

Varieties

There are these types of nonsense:

Classical. Has a motina and identical wings. Used in shallow reservoirs - bays, ponds.
With wings of different lengths. Used on wide bodies of water: the short wing and spindle are placed closer to the shore, and the long one is wound in a semicircle.
Without wings (or "Chicken"). Designed for night fishing in narrow places, for example, along reeds.
No frills. Used in shallow water to catch small fish and crayfish.

In addition, they can be with detachable wings, valance, curtain, lightweight, specially designed for lake or river fishing. Which one to choose depends on the fishing conditions and the type of fish you intend to catch.

The network fabric of nonsense can have cells of different diameters. In reservoirs overgrown with algae, the fine net twists and turns out more. The most in demand are nonsense with a cell diameter of 25-30 mm.

What kind of tackle is a drag

Of course, the modern market offers many different network fabric options. At the same time, their industrial production is of very high quality.

If compared with homemade options, the former will be significantly superior in quality. There are only two main drawbacks: the fairly high price and the need to look for exactly the option you need.

If you make the tackle yourself, then you can make exactly what suits you best. In addition, when purchased, it often has to be modified in order to be used for fishing. So the decision in each case must be made taking into account the specific circumstances.

Knitting a net is a fairly long process. But, at the same time, you can make exactly the tackle you wanted. Sometimes a fisherman is interested not only in the catch itself, but also in the preparation for it. Having spent his labor, creating his own gear, and having received a good catch, the fisherman is unlikely to regret it.

In terms of its properties and design, with some differences, it is simply a seine. Fishing method and various design solutions:

the net is cast from a boat or vessel, the drag is stretched and pulled by people;
differences in the depth at which fishing is carried out. You can fish with a drag line only in a place where the fishermen pulling it will pass. The seine is used at various depths;
the length of the nonsense is a maximum of 50-70 meters. Although dragging such gear will not be easy. Its optimal length is 30 meters, for wide rivers, lakes and sea waters. And then it is more often used on ponds, for drifting along the shore. The length depends on the body of water and the strength of the anglers.

Drag structure

There are very few differences in it from the design of the seine and the net. Wings, winding, top cord, bottom selection. Depending on the type of fish being hunted, different nets with different mesh sizes and thread thicknesses are used. Often a fine mesh net is used, with a cell larger than 25-30 mm.

The lower cord is equipped with weights for a better fit to the bottom, and floats are tied to the upper cord. They must keep the top of the rig afloat. Their number and size are selected to perform this task. You should pay attention to this when purchasing ready-made drags in the store.

At the ends of the wings, top and bottom, small pieces of cords are made to secure the chalks (wooden or metal rods). They are used to carry and drag nonsense ashore. As a rule, the lower selection is made slightly smaller than the upper one. This allows you to not miss the fish when pulling the drag ashore.

A good drift does not rise from the bottom and is able to withstand a large weight of fish, algae, and other foreign objects. Floats are made of dense foam without painting them (otherwise they are clearly visible in the water, and the fish may get scared and escape from the delirium).

With a simple improvement, the drag can be easily converted into a drag for catching crayfish and bottom fish. To do this, the lower harness is made from pipes, and it is better to tie a chain. For structural rigidity, the beam is sheathed with pipe around the entire perimeter. This design can be carried by one person.

The drachka presses tightly to the bottom and even sinks a little into the silt. The line in this type of gear is kept short. On nonsense they make it long. At the very end, a load of over 300 g is secured. This is done to prevent the light codend from being carried forward of the wings in a strong tail current.

The entrance to the motnya should be large. It is almost always equal to the wingspan of the nonsense. But here it is worth considering the depth of the reservoir. The size of the codend should be of sufficient length to prevent the possibility of caught fish escaping from it. To do this, a throat is made on the drag nets for fish to enter.

The principle of operation is the same as on merezhs, vents. The wide throat gradually narrows, with its narrow end entering the coddle (the far part of the motni). Having swum inside, the fish can no longer leave the codend.

What kind of fish can you catch?

How to catch correctly

For effective fishing, a drag is used after first studying the reservoir. The most suitable area is a shallow coastal area with a dense bottom, a small amount of aquatic vegetation and a sloping shore.

A net 5-7 m long can be used by 2 people to catch fish. They do it like this:

One person holds the tackle by the nag and leads it into the water to such a depth where he can walk, then a second person comes in, holding the second nag vertically.
Most often, the drag is pulled along the shore against the current, while it bends, forming a semicircle.
The lower part of the tackle should drag along the bottom so that there is no gap into which the fish could escape. The ends of the drag must be slightly lifted and shaken so that the catch moves towards the center.
Turning to the shore, the fishermen converge and pull out the gear together. But, if the fish needs to be kept alive, the fishnet is lifted and secured near the shore on sticks stuck into the bottom.

A good drag does not drag along the bottom and can withstand a lot of weight. If a lot of algae or debris gets into it, it must be pulled ashore and cleaned. The longer the net, the more fishermen should participate in fishing - up to 5-6 people.

When pulling out the tackle, it is important not to miss the catch. Therefore, when a drag of 10-15 m in length is brought to the shore and the fishermen pull it out by the wings, folding it next to them, 1 person at this time pulls up and presses the lower pick-ups to the bottom.

A long drag (20-25 m) is difficult to navigate in the water; it is more suitable for catching fish in a small pond, when fishermen do not wade, but along the shore. This fishing option is optimal for autumn, after the vegetation in the water has fallen.

Fishing with a dragnet is a fascinating and exciting activity, but also difficult, especially winter fishing with a seine in winter on the lake. This is only possible if you use a special torpedo that allows you to place gear under the ice.

Fishermen need to cut a large lane to launch and remove the seine, and intermediate ones to run a torpedo with a rope and to create noise with a pole so that the fish do not go beyond the ice hole.

When pulling out the catch, the drag is not pulled out completely; the net is placed around the edge and the fish is taken out with a net.

From the boat

If the bottom of the reservoir is covered with a thick layer of silt or peat and it is impossible to walk along it, fish are caught by dragging from a boat in this way:

The lower part of the nags is weighted, for example, with lead so that they do not float up, long strong ropes are attached to them and the tackle is carefully laid in the boat: rope, nag, wing, reel, second wing, nag and second rope.
The end of the rope is left on the shore, held by the fisherman.
The boat should describe a semicircle. Moving from the shore, they lower the rope and the nag, after which they turn the boat along the shore and gradually sweep out the remaining parts of the gear, making sure that the rope does not twist. When the second wing is in the water, the boat is turned to the shore, the second nag is lowered and the rope is swept out.
Fishermen from the boat go ashore and immediately begin to pull out the drag from both sides, hitting the water with ropes so that the fish cannot escape from the covered area, and gradually approach each other.

A 20-25 m long drag with minimal load is suitable for this kind of fishing. A large float located above the central part of the reel helps control the uniform pulling of the tackle.

Basic techniques for catching fish with a seine net

Fishing with a seine is probably the most ancient way of catching fish.
A few centuries ago, men very effectively used this method of extracting river resources. Today, a seine, like a net, is poaching gear, so it is best to put them on racks for storing cargo and use only permitted gear. But some will be interested to know how to fish with this, how simple a device may seem at first glance? Many people think that it’s enough to just walk along the shore and that’s it – you’ll catch a whole bag of large fish. But such thoughts are far from the truth. In reality, such fishing will not bring any results, but you will only be able to see how the fish swim in different directions from under your feet.

Fishing with a net is prohibited in Russia

First of all, you need to make sure that there are no holes in the net, in other words, that the net is not torn anywhere, otherwise all the caught fish will go into these fish. Fishing is usually done with a seine in a group of two or three people. Two fishermen pull the net itself, and another one comes towards them and loudly slaps the water with his hands so that the fish, frightened by the noise, swim into the net.

When fishermen are pulling a net, they must be as careful as possible so that the gear does not break and so as not to lose the fish. The lower edge of the seine should be extremely close to the bottom of the reservoir so that the fish could not swim away from below, under the seine.

When the net with the catch reaches the shore, it is necessary to remove all the fish from it. And also clean the tackle from clinging vegetation, algae, snags and other debris. This is just an informational article, because... According to Russian legislation, FISHING WITH A NET, which is what a seine is, is PROHIBITED!!!

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We make nonsense with our own hands

You can knit a nonsense from threads, fishing line or nylon. The weaving technique is simple and, depending on the size of the product, can take from several days to 2-4 weeks. But more often the tackle is sewn from a ready-made mesh.

The most durable is considered to be a mesh made from twisted nylon or polyamide thread. But, if you fish no more than 4-5 times a year, you can use a plastic net.

Before you make a drag with your own hands, you need to know the proportions between its length, width, the dimensions of the drag and the areas being fished:

for motni, choose a network with a smaller cell diameter than for wings;
the length of the motny should be 1.5−2 times the height of the nonsense;
if the tackle is 10-15 m long, the entrance to the net should occupy a third of its part, i.e., equal to the length of the wing; for smaller drags, the entrance to the pocket occupies more than 1/3;
the tackle should be 1.5 times higher than the deepest part of the reservoir and wider than the largest area.

In order to open a network, you need a lot of space. The longitudinal edges of the net are positioned along the length of the product, parts are cut out taking into account the following fit coefficients:

in motna - 0.5;
along horizontal lines in the wings and drive - 0.67;
vertically - 0.87.

For a wedge-shaped pattern, 4-6 wedges are cut out. The parts are connected with a seam “in the scar”, taking 3-4 mesh cells from both sides. Do not tighten the seam, otherwise unwanted “pockets” will form in the wings.

Fishing with a nonsense that is incorrectly planted will be unsuccessful; the landing of the upper and lower edges to the pick-ups (cords) is done like this:

the cord is secured in two places and pulled tight;
the mesh is tied to the cord with a thread using a shuttle, grabbing every second cell of 2-3 rows and tying it with a slight slack so that the fabric moves.

Ready-made floats or pieces of foam are attached to the top of the nonsense. They should be white - this will scare away the fish and prevent it from jumping over the surrounded area.

The central lower part is weighted with a chain with an anti-corrosion coating, and the side parts are weighted with lighter weights. Do not use metal objects with sharp edges.

A lead weight weighing 200 g is attached to the tip of the cone-shaped reel, and also if it is intended to fish with the current. This will prevent it from turning out.

Luxol

1500

Fishing baits are one of the most common fishing gear. Today, fishing with dragnet is prohibited in many regions of the Russian Federation. Fishing nets are classified as fishing nets, which, when released into the water, take a long time to decompose, which contributes to the massive death of fish.

It is prohibited to use for amateur and sport fishing in Russia. Produced for research institutes, fish breeding farms and for regions of the Russian Federation where the use of this type of product is permitted.

The total length of the drag depends on the size of the fished fish. The height of the drag depends on the bottom topography and the depth of the pond. To do this, depth measurements are taken in certain areas of the pond.

Methods of weaving nets

To weave a net from a fishing line, you need to study the step-by-step guide, and, if possible, consult with an experienced colleague. The main material for the work ahead is fishing line, sold in reels.

The smaller its diameter, the better the tackle will work, although strength suffers from this. To make the design of the net invisible even in clear water, it is advisable to give preference to models of lines with a dark gray or blue color.

During the weaving process, you need to use a double rod knot. By the way, the described method creates not only fishing gear, but also nets for economic and domestic purposes. The size of the cells of the fishing device is determined by the fishing method and the size of the prey.

The procedure for weaving a mesh from fishing line is divided into several stages, carried out in parts, the so-called divisions. These parts are assembled into a large structure, which, in turn, is fixed on a thick rope or cord. To attach the sections, markings are made on the cord.

With a cell size of 30 millimeters, the total length of the cell will be 16 centimeters. As a result, the tackle will include three separate parts, and every third cell will be fixed on a cord with a distance of 16 centimeters.

Breden is a special structure that resembles a hammock. A seine is created using a similar method, but it has an increased length.

The basting can have a circular weave and repeat the net. As for the drag, it is woven in cells from the largest to the smallest.

Initially, the net was woven by hand. It took a lot of time and required perseverance and concentration. However, with some information and patience, it is quite possible to weave a network yourself at home. An avid fisherman will only enjoy making his own tackle.

First, you need to acquire a tool and decide what material the network will be made of. To do this, you can use either nylon thread or fishing line.

The choice of a suitable thread depends on the purpose of the net (what kind of fish it will mainly catch), its parameters (length, height and mesh size) and personal preferences.

You need to understand that a mesh made of nylon thread (“rag”) is stronger than a mesh made from fishing line, and therefore more durable. But such gear gets very tangled, and the process of extracting fish from it causes a lot of trouble. A network of scaffolding is easier to deploy, but breaks faster. A fast, strong fish can make a hole out of it and slip out to freedom.

The “rag” is used when catching species such as silver carp, bream, and large crucian carp is expected. These representatives of the ichthyofauna can easily damage a fishing line net, but if they get caught in a nylon fishing line, they will become thoroughly entangled in it and will not escape.

It is important to choose the correct thread section. Naturally, the thicker it is, the stronger the network. However, here you need to follow the rule of the golden mean. Tackle that is too thick is very noticeable (especially knots) and scares away fish, while gear that is too thin is easily damaged and does not hold the catch.

Tools and accessories

You will need a knitting shuttle and a template. You can make them yourself. The shuttle is made from a thin piece of aluminum or getinax. The thickness varies between 3-5 mm. One edge of the shuttle is pointed and has a slot in the form of a rod on which the thread will be wound. The other end looks like a bicorne that secures the thread.

The thread is wound as follows: A loop is knitted and put on the rod at the top of the shuttle. Then the thread is pressed under tension to the lower edge, where the double horn prevents it from breaking, and the consumable material is wound, alternately turning the shuttle relative to the plane.

The amount of thread will depend on the length of the shuttle, the height of the rod and the depth of the double horn. As a rule, the dimensions of the shuttle are slightly larger than the size of the knitter's wrist.

The template is often made of plastic. It determines the size of the network cell and plays an important final role, so it must be done accurately and accurately. It is important that its edges are parallel and smooth.

A tourniquet will be useful to secure the beginning of the network, as well as a fixed support. As a rule, this is a gas pipe or battery. A thread is attached to it, from which the height of the net is gained, and then the finished tackle is knitted.

Knitting a knot

The strongest and most immovable knot is performed as follows. A template is brought to the finished loop (the first one knitted by hand), and the shuttle is threaded into it.

The thread passed through the loop is attracted to the edge of the template (it should pass from above) and is fixed with the thumb. Now the shuttle can be moved freely.

There is a loop under your thumb that needs to be held until the knot is completed. Next, the shuttle is passed into the finished loop so that the thread wraps around the previous loop on both sides. Then the shuttle is passed a second time between the right edge of the loop and the already threaded thread.

After threading twice from top to bottom, the shuttle is passed into the loop, which is held by the thumb. The knot is tightened synchronously, i.e. the thread is pulled with a shuttle, and the pressure on the loop is simultaneously reduced with your thumb. A slight characteristic click will signal that the unit is ready.

It is quite possible to do it manually. Of course, this will require some labor, but the manufacturing process itself is not particularly difficult. The most well-known methods of carrying out such work are hand knitting or work using a special machine for this. Let's look at this in more detail.

Manual method

In order to make a fishing net in this way, you will need very few tools. To do this, you will need a shuttle, which is easy to make yourself, a plate resembling a ruler (this tool is called a template) and a strong wire loop to which the cord is attached at the very beginning.

In the future, the entire network is gradually connected node by node. First, half loops of the first row are made, then, row by row, and the rest of the part.

Knitting machine

In order to slightly reduce knitting time, there are special machines. There are several varieties. We are not considering here industrial machines that are used for the production of fishing nets. The most common type is the following type of machine.

Let's talk a little about how this device works. The entire body is made of aluminum tube. The shuttle is also made of this material.

In its front part there is a special slot through which the thread will pass. The shuttle has an oblique cut located at an angle of 45 degrees.

There is a recess at the back of the hook to secure the bobbin. It has the shape of a cone and its depth is two and a half millimeters. This hole is designed to secure the bobbin.
This part must be made of bronze, processed on a lathe according to the drawing provided. This part must move freely inside the shuttle.
Aluminum is used to make the shuttle plug. In the center of the shuttle there is a narrow hole of 2-3 millimeters so that the second end of the bobbin can be fixed. The plug should be inserted tightly and not move during operation.
It will also be necessary to provide a shuttle travel limiter. It will need to be made from an aluminum plate.

Suppose you decide to knit such a tackle with your own hands. What do you need for this? You need very little.

What tools will you need?

Of course, a shuttle is needed. It looks like this.

It has exactly this shape so that a cord or fishing line can be wound around it in a certain way. First, a small loop is made on the cord and hooked onto the tongue.

Then it is pulled down, passes through the notch and approaches the tongue from the back. Then it covers him and goes down. After this, the lower recess passes through and is again brought to the tongue from the front side, goes around it and goes down. This pattern is repeated until the entire cord is wound.

In addition, you need a template. In appearance it resembles an ordinary school ruler. Its width is half the size of the cell in the network we are creating. You can make it from plastic, wood or other similar material.
You need a wire hook to which the cord will initially be attached at the beginning of the netting process. It is attached to a wall or something similar where we will be working.

Weaving fishing nets is carried out from fishing line purchased in reels. The thinner the line, the more catchy it is, but also the less durable.

To prevent it from being noticeable at shallow depths, it is better to use a dark gray or blue fishing line. It is necessary to weave a net from a fishing line using a double rod knot.

From fishing line you can weave not only fishing tackle, but also household tackle for various household purposes. Catching various types of fish is carried out on a stack with cells of various sizes.

Do-it-yourself weaving of fishing nets is carried out in parts, the so-called divisions. They are collected into a direct network, attached to a thick rope or cord.

To attach the delis, you need to mark on the cord how many of them can be attached to this marking. So, if the size of each cell is 30 mm, the total length of the cell will be 16 cm.

Consequently, one network will consist of three parts, and every third cell will be attached to a cord with an interval of 16 cm.

The landing sequence will be as follows:

The line needs to be secured to the shuttle.
The end of the thread from the shuttle and the outer cell of the mesh fabric are tied to the cord.
The required number of cells is threaded into the shuttle.
The shuttle thread is attached to the following markings on the cord.
The manual procedure is repeated until the entire mesh is threaded.

Construction of nonsense.

The drag consists of two wings, two drives and a flywheel. All parts of the nonsense are cut out from mesh fabric, while the mesh fabric is placed with longitudinal edges along the length of the nonsense. Each part is cut out separately, taking into account the landing coefficients. For this fishing gear, the following landing coefficients are most often used: for horizontal landing in the wings and drive 0.67, in the reel 0.5, for vertical landing for all parts the landing coefficient is 0.87. The parts to be cut out are rectangular in shape and are obtained by cutting in a straight line. All separately cut parts are connected to each other with a seam “in the scar”. In this case, 4 cells are inserted into the seam on each side. It is also necessary to ensure that the seam does not receive more tension than the mesh del, as this leads to the formation of “pockets” in the wing, which is undesirable.

The hammer of nonsense can be wedge-shaped or cone-shaped.

Wedge-shaped wedges consist of individual wedges, which are sewn together with oblique edges and straight edges are attached to the gap between the wings of the wedge. The conical yarn is sewn from individual rings, which are obtained from narrow strips of fabric sewn together with transverse edges. The first ring has an edge 25% longer than the perimeter of the gap between the wings of the delirium. The edge of the next ring with a width of 1 m should be 10% shorter than the first, with a width of 2 m - by 20% and with a width of 2 m - by 30%. For small nonsense, these norms can be deviated depending on the available material. When sewing the edges of the rings, connect in the appropriate places one mesh of the short edge with two meshes of the long one. The length of the drag should usually be 1.5-2.0 times the height of the drag.

Fitting the mesh fabric onto the pick-ups is usually done with a seam, less often they are used “closely”.

The thickness of the threads for making the bolts is selected in the same way as for the seine. The nonsense planted in this way on the rebounds is attached to the Dyachs and, sometimes, to the edges. In some cases, the drag is equipped with float and cargo. In this case, the mass of the melt should be 21% of the mass of the section and ropes of the upper selection. The size of the floats is determined both by the available material and their total mass required to keep the vessel afloat. It is advisable to place floats every 0.5-0.7 m. They are placed above the reel more often - after 0.3-0.5 m and, in addition, a large float is tied above the center of the reel, which is used to determine the position of the reel during fishing. According to experimental data, the total weight of foam plastic floats should be 1/6 of the weight of the upper pick-up and delirium section without fluff.

The lower selection is loaded with weights specially made from baked clay or from scraps of method pipes. Stones and metal objects with sharp edges should not be used. The bottom pick-up is less likely to crash into the silt when the weights are tied with thin ropes of 10-15 cm. The amount of weight should hold the bottom of the weight at the bottom even at a depth exceeding its height, and its bottom should not rise when the weight is pulled by the oncoming pressure of water.

A weight weighing 70-100 g is placed on the wings every 1 m, and at the entrance to the boat - after 0.3-0.5 m. The mass of the sinkers should be 2.5 times greater than the mass of the floats. Along the ends of the transverse edge of the delta, a thin rope or cord, the length of which corresponds to the size of the nag, should be threaded through the meshes, while collecting the excess delta evenly into 10-15 cm sections of rope and securing with a knot. The ends of the ropes are tied to the nags, and the edges of the wings, tied onto the ropes, are also tied to them in three or four places.

In each individual case, it is necessary to draw up a drawing when constructing a nonsense and observe the sequence and correctness of the operations.

Fishing with muzzles and lines

Fishing with muzzles and other frameless traps woven from rods or made of a rigid metal net is no different from fishing with tops. Wicker traps catch smaller crucian carp, as well as loaches and loaches if they are found in the pond.

Verkhovka and pond gudgeon also do not shy away from such muzzles. In lakes rich in crucian carp, they are successfully caught using traps with wings (merezhs and venters), mainly in the spring and without bait.

Sometimes they stretch the lines in the summer, often by removing the wings, but always with bait - but such fishing is less convenient, since it requires a boat or the need to get into the water for each check of the gear.

If the fisherman is faced with the task of catching not large crucian carp, but small things for live bait, he can successfully use any, the most primitive traps, often made from scrap materials. For example, some fishermen very quickly turn small mesh cages into tops by attaching 3-4 pieces of wire or simply twigs cut from a bush as ribs (in the latter case, the improvised top needs to be additionally loaded).

And here's what you need to know: Gancho Buy Spinning and casting GAD

By making a sufficient number of holes in a leaky iron bucket and closing the entrance with a neck made of fine mesh or even a rag, you can also catch good baitfish.